upgrade prometheus stack

Created by: junotx

Part of https://github.com/kubesphere/ks-installer/issues/1883

Customize components for prometheus stack based on kube-prometheus release-0.10, and upgrade components as follows:

• alertmanager: v0.21.0 -> v0.23.0
• grafana: 7.4.3 -> 8.3.3
• kube-state-metrics: v1.9.7 -> v2.3.0
• node-exporter: v0.18.1 -> v1.3.1
• prometheus: v2.26.0 -> v2.32.1
• prometheus-operator: v0.43.2 -> v0.53.1
• kube-rbac-proxy: v0.8.0 -> v0.11.0
• configmap-reload: v0.3.0 -> v0.5.0
• thanos: v0.18.0 -> v0.23.2

and remove the unused prometheus-adapter component.

Some built-in custom rules are updated to be compatile with upgraded components.

/assign @benjaminhuo @pixiake