Merge branch 'refactor/protected_ref_access-deploy_key_access' into 'master'

Abstract ProtectedRefAccess with deploy keys

See merge request https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/119162



Merged-by: Dmitry Gruzd <dgruzd@gitlab.com>
Approved-by: Dmitry Gruzd <dgruzd@gitlab.com>
Approved-by: Radamanthus Batnag <rbatnag@gitlab.com>
Co-authored-by: Joe Woodward <jwoodward@gitlab.com>
Co-authored-by: Amy Qualls <aqualls@gitlab.com>