Improve the `workhorse:verify` CI job use and performance

.gitlab/ci/workhorse.gitlab-ci.yml

workhorse/.golangci.yml

workhorse/Makefile

workhorse/_support/lint.sh

workhorse/_support/lint_last_known_acceptable_go1.21.txt

workhorse/_support/lint_last_known_acceptable_go1.22.txt

workhorse/cmd/gitlab-workhorse/config_test.go

workhorse/cmd/gitlab-workhorse/listener_test.go

workhorse/internal/config/config.go

workhorse/internal/git/git-http.go

workhorse/internal/git/info-refs.go

workhorse/internal/git/info-refs_test.go

workhorse/internal/git/receive-pack.go

workhorse/internal/git/responsewriter.go

workhorse/internal/git/upload-pack.go

workhorse/internal/git/upload-pack_test.go

workhorse/internal/gitaly/smarthttp.go