Merge branch 'extract-jest-ci-script' into 'master'

Refactor Jest CI scripts

See merge request https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/174706



Merged-by: Kev Kloss <kkloss@gitlab.com>
Approved-by: Lukas Eipert <leipert@gitlab.com>
Approved-by: Kev Kloss <kkloss@gitlab.com>
Reviewed-by: Lukas Eipert <leipert@gitlab.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Florian <mflorian@gitlab.com>
Reviewed-by: Kev Kloss <kkloss@gitlab.com>
Co-authored-by: Mark Florian <mflorian@gitlab.com>