Fix SBOM ingestion errors caused by input file path validation

In https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/140282, we
started to ingest the "input_file_path" of SBOM components found by
Trivy. The components do not have an actual file path, so we instead
convert them into a URI of sorts that can be detected by the
"container-image:" magic string prefix. This pseudo URI contains the
entire fully qualified name of the container image, and can often be
longer than 255 characters, which started to cause a spike in SBOM
ingestion errors. To fix this, we're going to raise the max size to
1024, or twice the limit of what we would get if the container image
used the longest image name and tag supported by the GitLab container
registry.

Fix https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/440705

Changelog: fixed